![]() Compact the bottom layer of the foundation.Arrange a water pump to pump out rainwater.Start excavation work when the soil is dry.Dump the excavated material/ earth at a distance of 1 meter from the edges.Check the length, width, and depth of excavation with the help of centerline and level marked on the marking pillars.The minimum depth of the foundation is 1 meter in case the design is not available.The depth and width of the foundation should be according to structural design. In general, submerged soil and clay have less bearing capacity. Safe Bearing Capacity Soilĭry coarse and well-graded dense sand have maximum shear resistance and maximum bearing capacity. In the case of column and raft footings up to plinth level, cement concrete 1:2:4 or1:1.5:3 are used. For brick masonry, cement mortar 1:4 to 1:6 is used as a loading condition.In the case of column raft cement concrete, 1:4:8 is the best-recommended ratio for it in the foundation.The cement concrete 1:8:16 is generally used in the foundation of walls in construction work.The whole design of the foundation, superstructure, and characteristics of the ground should be studied to obtain the economy in construction work.Foundation should be designed in such a way that settlement to the ground is limited and uniform under the whole of the building to avoid damage to the structure.The net loading intensity of pressure coming on the soil should not exceed the safe bearing capacity.A foundation should be designed to transmit combined dead load, imposed load, and wind load to the ground.Refilling of earth in the building portion up to the required height according to the plinth level.įig.4: Concrete and Brickwork in Foundation Refilling Foundation Design Precautions.Lay the footing in case of raft or column construction.Excavation of earthwork in trenches for foundation.The processes executed in the foundation works are given below: The width of the footing should not be less than 1 meter for one and a half brick wall.The width of the footing should not be less than 75 cm for one brick thick wall.For light loaded buildings such as houses, flats, school buildings, etc, have not more than two storeys, the width of the foundation is given below: The width of footings should be laid according to structural design. Hence the best-recommended depth of foundation is from 1.00 meter to 1.5 meter from the original ground level. ![]() To allow removal of topsoil and variations in ground level.
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